Grate ni umutwaro wibanze - kwikorera no guhumeka byashyizwe kuri trolleys yimashini zogusya hamwe na roasteri mukandara mumabuye y'icyuma. Ubwiza bwayo bugena mu buryo butaziguye imikorere ihamye, gukora neza no kubungabunga ibiciro byumurongo wose. Gukora mubihe bibi birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, gusiganwa ku magare kenshi, isuri yumukungugu hamwe na gaz ya ruswa, ASTM A297 HH alloy grates yahindutse ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane muguhunika ibiti kwisi yose bitewe nibikorwa byiza muri rusange. Iyi ngingo itanga ibisobanuro byuzuye kuri ubu bwoko bwa grate, ikubiyemo imiterere, imikorere, imitungo yibintu, ibyiza byibicuruzwa, imiterere yo gusaba hamwe nubuyobozi bwo kubungabunga.
1. Incamake ya Grates ya Pelletizing Ibimera
1.1 Umwanya wibicuruzwa nimirimo
Ikizwi kandi nk'isahani cyangwa gusya, gusya ibiti bya pelletizing bateranirizwa mumatsinda kuri trolle yimuka kandi bigakorwa mugihe cyo kumisha no gushyushya amabuye y'icyuma kibisi. Bakora imirimo itatu yingenzi:
Ubwa mbere, kwikorera imitwaro. Amashanyarazi ashigikira byimazeyo uburiri bwa pellet yicyatsi kandi akihanganira umuvuduko wibintu bikomeza hamwe no kunyeganyega.
Icya kabiri, guhumeka no guhanahana ubushyuhe. Bituma umwuka ushyushye winjira muburiri bwa pellet kugirango urangize umwuma, gushyushya no gushyushya pellet.
Icya gatatu, gukuraho slag no kuyobora inzira. Ifu nziza yamabuye hamwe n imyanda bisohoka mugihe kugirango birinde guhagarika umwuka uhumeka kandi bigahumeka neza.
Nkurwego rwo hejuru - kwambara igice gishobora gukoreshwa kumurongo wibyakozwe, guhindagurika, kumeneka, gufunga cyangwa gufunga bikabije bizana guhumeka neza, ubuziranenge bwa pellet ndetse no guhagarara bidateganijwe. Kubwibyo, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa no guhitamo ibikoresho birakomeye cyane.
1.2 Imikorere
Grates ikorera ahantu hasabwa cyane. Ubushyuhe buratandukanye cyane: dogere 200 kugeza kuri dogere 400 mukarere ka - ubushyuhe bwumutse, dogere 800 kugeza kuri dogere 1000 mukarere gashyuha ubushyuhe -, kandi ubushyuhe bwaho bushobora kugera kuri dogere 1100 kubera imirasire ituruka kuri gaze yumuriro wumuriro. Gutangira kenshi - guhagarika ibikorwa no guhindura imitwaro bitera impinduka zidasanzwe zubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro. Hagati aho, urusyo ruhora rukoreshwa nifu yifu yicyuma, ruswa na sulfuru - irimo gaze ya flue hamwe no gufatira hejuru yubushyuhe -. Kwangirika kwinshi byashyizeho ibisabwa cyane kurwego rwo hejuru - kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro, kwambara no kurwanya ruswa.
2. Ibintu byiza bya ASTM A297 HH Grates
Uru ruhererekane rwa grate ni neza neza kuva 25Cr - 12Ni ubushyuhe bwa austenitike - ibyuma birwanya ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bwa ASTM A297, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru bwakozwe cyane cyane mubikorwa bikomeye byinganda. Imiterere yacyo yujuje byuzuye ibisabwa mubikorwa bya pellet.
2.1 Ibigize imiti
Ibigize imiti bikurikiza byimazeyo ibisabwa bisanzwe (igice kinini): Carbone 0,20% ~ 0,50%, Chromium 24.00% ~ 28.00%, Nickel 11.00% ~ 14.00%. Manganese na Silicon ntibirenza 2.00%; umwanda wangiza Fosifore na Sufuru bigarukira kuri munsi cyangwa munsi ya 0,04%, Molybdenum Ntoya cyangwa ihwanye na 0,50%, hamwe nicyuma kiringaniye. Ibintu byinshi bya Chromium bitanga urugero rwinshi - kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa okiside hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, mugihe Nickel ihindura imiterere yimiterere kandi ikarinda kunanirwa imburagihe mugihe ihindagurika ryubushyuhe bukabije.
2.2 Ibiranga ubukanishi nubushyuhe
Igicuruzwa kirimo imikorere ihamye yubukanishi: Imbaraga za Tensile Ziruta cyangwa zingana na 743 MPa, Imbaraga Zitanga Imbaraga Zirenze cyangwa zingana na MPa 389, Kurambura Kurenze cyangwa kungana na 11%, Ubukomezi bwa Brinell butarenze cyangwa bungana na 324 HBW. Irashobora kwihanganira ibintu birebire - igihe kirekire, kurwanya ingaruka no kwirinda kuvunika.
Kubijyanye no kurwanya ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bukomeza bwo gukora buri hagati ya dogere 1040 na dogere 1100, kandi burashobora kwihanganira ingaruka zubushyuhe bwigihe gito kugeza kuri dogere 1150 ~ 1200. Imiterere ya austenitis irwanya neza - hejuru yubushyuhe hamwe numunaniro wubushyuhe, bityo grates ntizoroha cyangwa ngo ihindurwe mubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa ngo isatire mugihe cyubushyuhe nubukonje.
3. Ibyiza byingenzi bya ASTM A297 HH Grates
Ugereranije na grate ikozwe mubyuma bisanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe buke - ubushyuhe bwo mu rwego - ibyuma birwanya, ASTM A297 HH grates yerekana ibyiza bigaragara mugukoresha umurima, bigatuma bahitamo inganda.
Kurwanya ihinduka ryiza cyane
Komeza imbaraga zubaka zihamye kuri dogere 1000, utarinze kunama, gusenyuka cyangwa kurupapuro. Trolleys igenda neza nta gutsindwa kwa jaming.
Kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije
Hamwe nubushuhe buhebuje bwumuriro kugirango uhuze nubushyuhe bukabije kumirongo yumusaruro. Nta gucika cyangwa kuvunika bibaho mugihe cyo kwagura ubushyuhe no kugabanuka, kugabanya inshuro zisimburwa no kwemeza umusaruro uhoraho.
Kwambara birwanya, kurwanya - guhagarika no kurwanya - imikorere ya ruswa
Imiterere yuzuye ivanze irwanya - igihe cyo gukuramo ifu yamabuye yicyuma no kwangirika kwa sulfuru - irimo gaze ya flue. Ubuso ntibukunze kwifata cyangwa gufatira pellet, kandi icyuho cyo guhumeka kiguma kidafunze, bikagabanya imirimo isanzwe yo gukora isuku.
Ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende no gukora cyane
Ibikorwa byayo muri rusange ni byiza cyane kurenza ibisanzwe - chromium cast fer hamwe na ASTM A297 HF, hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwiyongereyeho 30% kugeza kuri 50%. Ugereranije na - igiciro cya ASTM A297 HK grates hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, iki gicuruzwa gifite igiciro giciriritse kandi cyujuje byuzuye ibisabwa n’ahantu humye kandi hashyushye, bigera ku buringanire bwiza hagati yubuziranenge nigiciro.
4. Uburyo bwo gukora no gushushanya imiterere
4.1 Ikoranabuhanga
ASTM A297 HH pelletizing grates ikorwa nishoramari risobanutse neza hamwe na shell molding. Abakinnyi berekana imiterere yimbere idafite inenge nka pore, umwobo wumucanga no kugabanuka kwinshi, byemeza imbaraga rusange. Ibicuruzwa byose byarangiye bikemurwa no kuvura ubushyuhe bwo gusaza kugirango bigabanye burundu guhangayikishwa no guhagarika imiterere ya metallografiya, kugirango bizamure igihe kirekire kandi byukuri.
4.2 Igishushanyo mbonera
Umwirondoro wihariye urahari kugirango uhuze nuburyo butandukanye bwibikoresho bya pelletizing. Imiterere ihamye ituma igabanywa rimwe. Umuyoboro uhumeka neza hamwe nu cyuho bitanga imbaraga zo guhumeka neza hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwo gukuraho slag, kuringaniza imitwaro no kuzenguruka ikirere. Ibipimo byuzuye muri rusange hamwe no gutandukanya inteko ishyira mu gaciro byemeza imikorere ya trolley itagira jaming cyangwa ibintu bitemba, bihujwe nimashini zigenda zitembera hamwe na roasteri.
5. Igitabo cyo gutoranya kuri Grates zisa
Grate zitandukanye zizatoranywa ukurikije ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwimirongo:
ASTM A297 HF Grate: Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bugera kuri dogere 900 hamwe nigiciro gito. Irakoreshwa gusa imbere hasi - ahantu humye kandi ntishobora gukoreshwa murwego rwo hejuru kandi rurerure - ibice byo gushyushya ubushyuhe.
ASTM A297 HH Grate: Shyushya - irwanya kugeza kuri dogere 1100 hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye hamwe nigiciro kinini. Ihuza ibice byose byumye kandi bishyushya kandi ikora nkicyitegererezo rusange - icyitegererezo cyo gutera ibiti.
ASTM A297 HK Grate: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burwanya dogere 1200, nyamara hamwe nigiciro kinini cyamasoko. Byemewe gusa kurwego rwo hejuru - ubushyuhe bwaka kandi ntibikunze gukoreshwa mumirongo isanzwe ya pelletizing.
6. Kuri - Urubuga Gukora no Kubungabunga Ibisobanuro
Gukora neza no kubungabunga buri munsi birashobora kongera igihe cya serivisi ya ASTM A297 HH grates:
Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gukora. Irinde ibikorwa birebire - gukora hejuru ya dogere 1100 kugirango ugabanye gusaza kwibintu.
Kurikiza intangiriro isanzwe - guhagarika inzira. Mugabanye guhagarika byihutirwa no gukonjesha byihuse kugirango ugabanye ibyangiritse.
Kora ubugenzuzi buri munsi. Wibande kugenzura deformasiyo, gucamo no guhagarika. Simbuza ibice byangiritse mugihe kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa kabiri kubice byegeranye.
Komeza umubyimba ukwiye wigitanda cya pellet kugirango wirinde kurenza urugero nubushyuhe bwaho buterwa nibintu byinshi cyane.
7. Umwanzuro
Hamwe nibikoresho byizewe byifashishwa, tekinoroji ya tekinoroji kandi ikora - imiterere - igenamigambi ryubatswe, grate ya ASTM A297 HH ihujwe neza n’ibidukikije bikaze by’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, gusiganwa ku magare, guswera no kwangirika mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Kugaragaza imitwaro itajegajega, guhumeka neza, gukomeretsa gukomeye no guhindura ibintu hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, ibicuruzwa nabyo bifite inyungu zidasanzwe.
Nkigice cyingenzi gishobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho bya pelletizing, ASTM A297 HH itanga uburyo bwiza, butajegajega kandi bukomeza kumirongo yumusaruro, kandi bigabanya neza amafaranga yakoreshejwe mugutanga ibikoresho, kubungabunga no guhagarika imirimo. Nibintu byatoranijwe bihuza ibicuruzwa bya pellet.
